According to SMU Associate Professor of Information Systems Cheng Shih-Fen, who is also Deputy Director (Research) at the Fujitsu-SMU Urban Computing and Engineering Corp Lab, vacant taxis are not roaming in places they are needed at most. He added that providing drivers with real-time updates on “demand heatmaps” could solve the issue to some degree. The lab created the Driver Guidance System for taxi drivers that can estimate current taxi supply and demand and predict future taxi supply and demand for the next 30 minutes around Singapore. The research team believes that the combination of data analytics and AI technology can help enable taxis to be more efficient and competitive, even in the face of intense competition from ride-hailing apps and without the use of dynamic pricing.